2009年3月9日星期一

(转08)[English]Useful words in Postgraduates english

(Unit 6)


Unit 6 Love in L.A.

1. On ramp: entrance to freeway 高速公路入口
2. snuff out: keep out, extinguish 扼杀,消灭,死掉
3. pull up: stop 停下 The car pulled up outside the inn.
4. perk up: 活跃起来,振作精神
5. secondary(to): less important(than) 次要的,第二的 It is a question of secondary importance.
6. present sb. with sth. : cause sth. to happen or exist 使某事发生 The new computer has presented me a lot of trouble.
7. inhale: breathe in 吸入 Don't inhale dust into your lung.
8. scent: fragrance 气味,香味 The scent of lemons filled the grove.
aroma: 芳香,香味 The whole house was filled with the aroma of coffee.
odor: 气味,名声
fragrance: 芳香,香味 This flower gives out fragrance.
9. beam: smile happily n. 梁,横梁; Vi. 发出光与热,面露喜色 Her face beamed with joy.
10. solid: heavy 实心的,可靠的,结实的,沉重的
11. suspicious: unbelieving, 可疑的,疑心的; The rabbit is timid and suspicious. 兔子胆小而多张
12. steady: regular,稳定的,坚定的 He is a steady young man.
13. accomplishment: success 技能,完成 He valued birth above accomplishments. 他把出身看得生于才能。
14. impressionable: easily noticeable, 易受影响的; The child is at an impressionable age.
15.

Pull
1. pull a long face: look unhappy 拉长脸,不高兴;
2. pull one's weight: do a fair share of the work 尽职尽责;
3. pull sb.'s leg: make fun of sb. 和.....开玩笑;
4. pull together: work together, cooperate 齐心协力,全力合作;
5. pull oneself together: get control of one's feelings, cheer up 振作起来;

Stand
1. stand by: look on without doing anything 袖手旁观;
2. stand by sb.: support 支持,站在某人一边;
3. stand for: represent 代表;
4. stand out from: be easily seen from 在....中很突出;
5. stand up for: support, defend 替......说话,为.....辩护;

Personality
1. amiable 和蔼可亲的;
2. cautious 小心谨慎的;
3. confident 有信心的;
4. easy-going: 心平气和的,随遇而安的;
5. humorous 幽默的;
6. imaginative 爱幻想的;
7. optimistic 乐观的;
8. outgoing 对人友好的;开朗的;
9. passionate 热情洋溢的;
10. introverted 内向的;
11. extroverted 外向的;
12. pessimistic 悲观的;
13. reserved 含蓄的;
14. sentimental 多愁善感的;
15. snobbish 势利的;
16. sophisticated 教练的;

(Unit 7) : Entropy
Part I: phrases and collocations
1. after all 毕竟
2. an avalanche of 大量,突然到来的一大批
3. at every turn 每次,事事
4. be preoccupied with 对.....全神贯注,出神
5. break down 失败,损坏
6. break even 打成平手,得失相当
7. conk out 故障,突然失灵
8. fall apart 破裂,破碎,崩溃
9. get the better of 战胜,在.....中占上风
10. mill around 无上的的乱转
11. off the track 偏离正道,离题,出错
12. on one's own 独立地,靠自己力量
13. one-way street 单靠道,限于一个方向的模式
14. patch up 修补,平息,解决争端
15. show up 显露,出席
16. soak up 吸收,摄取
17. wear down 磨损
18. wear out 穿破
19. well-oiled 运转顺利的,一一帆风顺的

Part II detailed explanation of the text

1. get the better of: have or get an advantage over, prevail against , win over
They got the better of me in the opening part of the race.
My curiosity gets the better of me.
2. conk out: broke down or fail, slow down or stop
The engine just conked out and the plane nosed down quickly. 引擎突然失效,飞机立马开始府冲
3. show up: be present, arrive
Did everyone you invited show up?
4. after all: in spite of everything, 毕竟,究竟
This is, after all, the least important part of the problem.

(Unit 10)
Fall
Fall apart: break down, collapse 破碎,破裂,崩溃
Fall away: diminish gradually in size, to withdraw friendship or support, to renounce one’s faith 消瘦,减少,减弱,离异
Fall into: begin, be divided into 开始,分成
Fall on/upon: attack, experience or come upon, become the obligation or duty of 袭击,攻击,偶然遇到
Fall short: fail to reach a standard, level, etc. , be less than good enough for 射不中,达不到

Wear
Wear away: cause to disappear 磨损,磨去,用坏
Wear down: cause to be reduced bit by bit, reduce the force of 磨损,用坏,用旧
Wear off: be reduced until it disappears 磨损,磨去,逐渐减少
Wear on: pass slowly in time or energy 消逝,使疲乏不堪
Wear out/through: cause to be reduced to nothing or a useless state by use 穿破,磨损

Support
Advocate 主张,提倡
Aid 援助,帮助
Back 支持
Befriend 待……如友,帮助
Favor 支持,喜欢,证实
Guard 保卫,看守,当心
Help 帮助,帮忙,接济
Patronize 庇护,赞助
Promote 促进,升迁,创办
Uphold 支撑,赞成,鼓励



Check
Check in arrive and register 登记,签到,报到
Check out leave after going through a required procedure 结账离开,办妥手续离开
Check off put a mark next to sth. As having been found correct; register and leave a day’s work 下班,核对无误打勾
Check on test or examine, investigate 检查,调查,查看
Check up: verify 核对,核实
Check over: examine for accuracy 检查一遍
Check through:read through to determine accuracy 检查,审查,校阅


Run
Run down: stop because of lack of force or power; become tired 停止运转,衰退,疲惫不堪
Run into: meet or find by chance; encounter 偶然碰到,陷入(困境)
Run out: used up, be exhausted 用完,耗尽
Run over: knock down and pass over, go beyond the limit; review 碾过,溢出,超过,复习
Run through: go over quickly 匆匆阅读


Unhappiness

Agitated: 狂躁不安的,焦虑的
Agonized: 痛苦的
Anguished: 痛苦的
Bored: 厌倦的
Dejected: 沮丧的
Depressed: 抑郁的,沮丧的,消沉的
Desperate: 绝望的
Disquieted: 不安的,不平静的,忧虑的
Distressed: 痛苦的,悲伤的,烦恼的
Disturbed: 烦恼的,忐忑不安的
Fretful: 烦恼的
Frustrated: 失望的,失意的,灰心丧气的
Sorrowful: 悲伤的
Tormented: 受折磨的
Upset: 心烦意乱的

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