Tex-Opnet-Matlab-Linux&English Networks

2010年9月1日星期三

2009年5月11日星期一

（73）听音乐，学英语

学英语的诀窍是多听，多写，多对比，多想，多记，多回忆！比如，平时我们用电脑时，就会开着音乐，这时，尽量听点英文歌吧，会很有用。

有很多经典的英文歌曲，从歌词中可以引申出很多词组或语言，这里举几个例子。

（音乐很容易找，去网上下吧）

1. Lost In Love

Air Supply

I realize the best part of love is the thinnest slice

我意识到爱情中最美好的部分就在最微薄之处

And it don't count for much

但这并不意味着什么

But I'm not letting go

但我不会让它溜走

I believe there's still much to believe in

我坚信仍有很多东西值得依赖

So lift your eyes if you feel you can

如果觉得可以，睁大你的眼睛

Reach for a star and I'll show you a plan

伸手触及一颗星星，我就告诉你一个计划

I figured it out

我已经想明白

What I needed was someone to show me

我需要的是有人来告诉我该怎么做

You know you can't fool me

你知道你不能骗我

I've been loving you too long

我爱了你太久了

It started so easy

开始很简单

You want to carry on

你想要继续

Lost in love and I don't know much

沉迷于爱情而且我知道的不多

Was I thinking aloud and fell out of touch?

是我自言自语还是茫然失措

But I'm back on my feet and eager to be what you wanted

但是，我还是会重新振作并成为你想要的人.

Air Supply 源于澳洲，后进军美国乐坛，Lost In Love是他们进入美国后的第一张专辑，本曲是其中最成功的一首之一。

It don't count for: 按语法应该是It doesn't count for, 最初是一些文化水平较低的人的错误用法，但常常用于歌词，特别是RAP这样的歌曲中。

count for: 有价值，有重要性， e.g. For him fame does not count for much. 对他来说，出名并不重要。

Their opinions count for little. 他们的观点没什么价值。

Count for nothing 毫无价值

Let go 放开，放手，放弃

believe in :依赖，信任，信仰 e.g. Christians believe in Jesus. 基督徒信仰耶稣。

reach for: 伸出...以触及到...

e.g. You just reach for me, baby. 亲爱的，我就在你身边。

You don't want to reach for me, do you? 你不愿意对我伸出援手，对吗？

figure out: 计算机，解决，弄明白，想办法，强调想办法的过程。

e.g. I don't know it right now, but I can figure it out soon. 我现在还不知道，但我一定会想办法弄明白的。

I am just trying to figure out what I am going to do for dinner. 我正发愁今晚吃什么呢。

carry on: 继续，从事，经营。有carry on with sth./doing sth. carry sth. on 等用法

e.g. After his death, his children will certainly carry on his career. 他死后，他的子女继承了他的事业；

口语中的carry on with sb. 常用来指与某人有嫒昧关系。e.g.

They've been carrying on for years. 他们的关系有几年了。

think aloud: （大声地想）自言自语，如Read aloud，朗读

back on one's feet: 经受打击后重新站立起来，等同于get back on one's feet. e.g.

It take me longer to get back on my feet. 我用了很久才重新振作起来。

fall out: 争吵，结果，解散，掉队

fall out touch: touch指接触，触觉，从触觉中掉队（跌落出来），触摸不到，失落。e.g.

The men fell out quickly after their march. 行军结束后，士兵解散了。

2. Shape of my heart

Gordon Sumner Sting 英格兰摇滚英雄

“这个杀手不太冷”主题曲，片中Leon的内心独白。

He deals the cards as a meditation

And those he plays never suspect

He doesn't play for the money he wins

He doesn't play for respect

He deals the cards to find the answer

The sacred geometry of chance

The hidden law of a probable outcome

The numbers lead a dance

I know that the spades are swords of a soldier

I know that the clubs are weapons of war

I know that diamonds mean money for this art

But that's not the shape of my heart

He may play the jack of diamonds

He may lay the queen of spades

He may conceal a king in his hand

While the memory of it fades

I know that the spades are swords of a soldier

I know that the clubs are weapons of war

I know that diamonds mean money for this art

But that's not the shape of my heart

And if I told you that I loved you

You'd maybe think there's something wrong

I'm not a man of too many faces

The mask I wear is one

Those who speak know nothing

And find out to their cost

Like those who curse their luck in too many places

And those who fear are lost

He deals the cards as a meditation 他玩牌如同在冥想

And those he plays never suspect 与他玩牌的那人从未怀疑

He doesn't play for the money he wins 他玩牌不是为了钱

He doesn't play for respect 也不是为了尊严

play for 为什么而做
play for time 为拖延时间
play for love (打牌)打着玩玩(不赌钱)
Ronaldo, the great Brazilian soccer player, played for his national team when he was seventeen. 罗那尔多，伟大的巴西足球运动员，17岁时就为国家队效力了。

He deals the cards to find the answer 他玩牌是为了寻找答案

The sacred geometry of chance 那神圣的几何几率

The hidden law of a probable outcome 一个可能结果下的隐藏法则

The numbers lead a dance 数字变得神秘莫测

geometry of chance 几何几率
geometry 几何学

I know that the spades are swords of a soldier 我知道黑桃是士兵的宝剑

I know that the clubs are weapons of war 我知道梅花是战争的武器

I know that diamonds mean money for this art 我知道方块意味着这种艺术的金钱

But that's not the shape of my heart 但那不是我心的形状

spade, club, diamonds heart 黑桃♠，梅花♧，方块♢，红心♡，这是一副扑克poker中的四种花色，除了花色之外还有脸谱牌，也叫人头牌face cards，其中有jack, queen, king，还有两个小丑。

He may play the jack of diamonds 他可能会打出方块J

He may lay the queen of spades 也可能甩出黑桃Q

He may conceal a king in his hand 或者将手中的K隐藏

While the memory of it fades 当与它相关的记忆正在不断褪去

Jack of diamonds 方块J
Jack 仆人
ACE ，叫小丑，也写为JOKER，复数是ACES
Jack Queen King
英语中牌的叫法：
the ace of hearts 红桃A
the three of spades 黑桃3
the Jack of diamonds 方块J
lay laid lie有两种意思
译为说谎时： lie-lied-lied-lying
译为躺下时： lie-lay-lain-lying
译为放、下蛋时：lay-laid-laid-laying
conceal 隐藏=hide，表示严密的隐藏学用conceal
The box was concealed under the bed. 箱子被隐藏在床下。
hide 可用作不及物动作，而conceal 不可以。
Where is he hiding? 他躲在哪里。

And if I told you that I loved you 如果我告诉你我爱你

You'd maybe think there's something wrong 你可能会觉得事情有些不对劲

I'm not a man of too many faces 我不是一个多面人

The mask I wear is one 这个面具是我的唯一所有

Those who speak know nothing 说谎的人无知

And find out to their cost 他们一定会为些付出代价

Like those who curse their luck in too many places 就像那些四处骂自己霉运的人

And those who fear are lost 那些心存恐惧的人，已迷失方向

find out 查出，找出。
I found out the phone number by looking it up. 我查到了所要的电话号码
If you're not sure, find out. 如果你不肯定，请查一下
find out 指有目的的查找，而find指找
I found out the answer to the question.
curse 诅咒; 骂
luck 好运, 幸运
curse their luck 诅咒他们的幸运，即霉运。

3. Lucky

Britney.Spears 布兰妮来自2000年专辑“爱的再告白 Oops!...I Did It Again”

(This is a story about a girl named lucky)

Early morning

She wakes up

Knock knock knock on the door

It's time for make up

Perfect smile

It's you they're all waiting for

They go

Isn't she lovely

This Hollywood girl

And they say

She's so lucky

She's a star

But she cry cry cry

In her lonely heart thinking

If there's nothing missing in my life

Then why do these tears come at night

Lost in an image in a dream

But there's no one there to wake her up

And the world is spinning and she keeps on winning

But tell me what happens when it stops

Isn't she lovely

This Hollywood girl

And they say

She's so lucky

She's a star

But she cry cry cry

In her lonely heart thinking

If there's nothing missing in my life

Then why do these tears come at night

Best actress and the winner is lucky

I'm roger Johnson for pop news standing outside the arena waiting for lucky

Oh my god here she comes

(This is a story about a girl named lucky)

（这是一个关于名叫幸运的女孩的故事）

Early morning 每天早上

She wakes up 她醒来

Knock knock knock on the door 咚，咚，咚敲门声响起

It's time for make up 是时间化化妆了

Perfect smile 去展现完美的笑容

It's you they're all waiting for 他们都在等你

They go 他们蜂拥而至

wake up 醒来 e.g.
He didn't wake up until 11 o'clock in the morning.
knock v. 敲、打或撞击,也可用作n. e.g.
He knocked at the door and entered.
Did I hear a knock at the door?

make up 化妆，有时也作补足、弥补之意 e.g.
time for make up 是时间化妆了
When she goes out to visit friends, she is very much made up.
Hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence. 补足、弥补之意
wait for 等候、等待 e.g.
I should prefer you to wait for me at the bus stop.

Isn't she lovely 她是多么可爱

This Hollywood girl 这个好莱坞女孩

And they say 他们说

She's so lucky 她太幸运了

She's a star 她是个明星

But she cry cry cry

In her lonely heart thinking 但她寂寞的心却在哭泣

If there's nothing missing in my life 想着今生一定错过了什么

Then why do these tears come at night不然寂静的夜晚为何会有眼泪在飞

Hollywood 好莱坞
lonely 孤独的、寂寞的、荒凉的 e.g.
The lonely old man was much to be pitied by all of us.
alone 单独的、独自的主要作表语形容词 e.g.
She watches TV when she is alone.

Lost in an image in a dream 她生活在虚幻残缺的梦中

But there's no one there to wake her up 没有谁来唤醒她

And the world is spinning and she keeps on winning 世界旋转不停，她不断胜出

But tell me what happens when it stops 但告诉我，在这一切结束以后事情会怎样呢

spin 旋转、使旋转过去式和过去分词是spun e.g.
The girl spun round in alarm. 女孩惊慌的四处乱转

Best actress and the winner is lucky 最佳女主角得主是Lucky

I'm roger Johnson for pop news standing outside the arena waiting for lucky

我是时尚新闻的Roger Johnson正在场外等Lucky

Oh my god here she comes 哦天啊她来了

arena .四周设有座位的场地 e.g.
The circus elephants were led into the arena. 马戏团的大象被带入场地。

4. (Everything I Do) I Do It For You

Bryan Adams A&M

Look into my eyes - you will see

What you mean to me

Search your heart - search your soul

And when you find me there you'll search no more

Don't tell me it's not worth trying for

You can't tell me it's not worth dying for

You know it's true

Everything I do - I do it for you

Look into your heart - you will find

There's nothing there to hide

Take me as I am - take my life

I would give it all I would sacrifice

Don't tell me it's not worth fighting for

I can't help it there's nothing I want more

Ya know it's true

Everything I do - I do it for you

There's no love - like your love

And no other - could give more love

There's nowhere - unless you're there

All the time - all the way

You can't tell me it's not worth trying for

I can't help it there's nothing I want more

I would fight for you - I'd die for you

Walk the wire for you - Ya I'd die for you

Look into my eyes - you will see 看着我的眼睛，你会发现

What you mean to me 你对我来说有多重要

Search your heart - search your soul 在你的心里找寻，在你的灵魂里找寻

And when you find me there you'll search no more 当你在那找到我的时候，你就不需要在寻觅了

no more 不再 e.g.

I will be no more a senior high school student come next July.

Don't tell me it's not worth trying for 别告诉我那不值得一试

You can't tell me it's not worth dying for 你不能告诉我它不值得为之献身

You know it's true 你知道那都是事实

Everything I do - I do it for you 我所做的一切，都是为了你

worth 值得…的，值…钱
be worth doing sth. 某事值得被做
The question is not worth discussing again and again.
be worth + n.
…值得…
This ring is worth 1000 $.

Look into your heart - you will find 注视你的心，你会发现

There's nothin' there to hide 那里没有什么隐藏的

Take me as I am - take my life 接受真实的我，接受我的生命

I would give it all I would sacrifice 我会付出全部，我会为你献身

Don't tell me it's not worth fightin' for 别告诉我它不值得你奋斗

I can't help it there's nothin' I want more 我情不自禁，我别无它求

You know it's true 你知道那都是事实

Everything I do - I do it for you 我所做的一切，都是为了你

There's no love - like your love 没有什么爱像你的爱一样伟大

And no other - could give more love 没有其他人给予我更多的爱

There's nowhere - unless you're there 没有了你，这世界什么都不是

All the time - all the way 永远都如此，一切都如此

nowhere 没有人知道的地方
out of nowhere 不知道从哪冒出来的 e.g.
He came out of nowhere.

I would fight for you - I'd die for you 我会为你奋斗，我会为你而死

Walk the wire for you - Ya I'd die for you为你冒险，我会为你而死

walk the wire 走钢丝 wire-walking 铤而走险

5. Please Forgive Me

Bryan Adams

It still feels like our first night together

Feels like the first kiss and

It's gettin' better baby

No one can better this

I'm still hold on and you're still the one

The first time our eyes met it's the same feelin' I get

Only feels much stronger and I wanna love ya longer

You still turn the fire on

So If you're feelin' lonely.. don't

You're the only one I'd ever want

I only wanna make it good

So if I love ya a little more than I should

Please forgive me I know not what I do

Please forgive me I can't stop lovin' you

Don't deny me

This pain I'm going through

Please forgive me

If I need ya like I do

Please believe me

Every word I say is true

Please forgive me I can't stop loving you

Still feels like our best times are together

Feels like the first touch

We're still gettin' closer baby

Can't get close enough I'm still holdin' on

You're still number one

I remember the smell of your skin

I remember everything

I remember all your moves

I remember you

I remember the nights ya know I still do

So If you're feelin' lonely.. don't

You're the only one I'd ever want

I only wanna make it good

So if I love ya a little more than I should

Please forgive me I know not what I do

Please forgive me I can't stop lovin' you

Don't deny me

This pain I'm going through

Please forgive me

If I need ya like I do

Please believe me

Every word I say is true

Please forgive me I can't stop loving you

One thing I'm sure of

Is the way we make love

And the one thing I depend on

Is for us to stay strong

With every word and every breath I'm prayin'

That's why I'm sayin'...

It still feels like our first night together 这仍然如同我们的缠绵初夜

Feels like the first kiss and 如同初吻一般

It's gettin' better baby 宝贝，我们正渐入佳境

No one can better this 没人能超越我们

I'm still hold on and you're still the one 我仍在坚持，你仍然是我的心中至爱

The first time our eyes met it's the same feelin' I get第一次目光接触之时，我们已心意相通

Only feels much stronger and I wanna love you longer只是，我的感觉更强烈，想爱你更久

You still turn the fire on 你仍然让我热情如火

hold on 坚持，忍受 e.g.
I don't think I can hold on much longer.
hold on 等一下，停一下
turn on 打开（灯） / 热情如火，也译为使产生兴趣 e.g.
My uncle turned me on to jazz.
有时还可理解为攻击
Michael, turning on the company put me and you at even greater risk.

So If you're feelin' lonely.. don't因此，如果你感到孤单，请不要有这种感觉

You're the only one I'd ever want 你是我唯一想要的人

I only wanna make it good 我只想让你快乐

So if I love ya a little more than I should 所以，如果我的爱稍稍超过了你的承受能力

lonely 孤独的与alone近义（上面已经讲过）
lonely 孤独、寂寞、冷清
alone 独自的、单独的 e.g.
He was alone, but he never felt lonely.
alone 有时也表示孤独

Please forgive me I know not what I do 请原谅我，我不知道自己该做什么

Please forgive me I can't stop loving you 请原谅我，我不能停止爱你

Don't deny me 不要拒绝我

stop doing 停止做某事 e.g.
The teacher asked the students to stop talking.
stop to do 停下来（正在做的事）去做另一件事 e.g.
Hearing the doll bell, she stopped to open the door.

This pain I'm going through 我经受的这些苦痛

Please forgive me 请原谅我

If I need ya like I do 如果我需要你如同我所做

Please believe me 请相信我

Every word I say is true 我的一言一语都发自肺腑

Please forgive me I can't stop loving you 请原谅我，我不能停止爱你

go through 经历，经受
go through 仔细检查；（指法律、法案等）被正式通过或接受 e.g.
I always start the day by going through my e-mails.
The bill went through two months later.

Still feels like our best times are together仍然感觉如当初一起时般美好

Feels like the first touch 如同第一次肌肤接触

We're still gettin' closer baby 我们仍然在走近对方，宝贝

Can't get close enough I'm still holdin' on 还不够近，我仍在坚持

You're still number one I remember the smell of your skin 你仍然是我的最爱，我想起你肌肤的香味

I remember everything 我记得一切

I remember all your moves 我记得你的一举一动

I remember you 我记得你

I remember the nights you know I still do 我记得那些夜晚，我仍然记得

One thing I'm sure of 有一件事，我可以肯定

Is the way we make love 那就是我们温存的方式

And the one thing I depend on 而有一样我依靠的东西

Is for us to stay strong 那就是，我们要坚强

With every word and every breath I'm praying 我祈祷时的每一个词，每一下呼吸

That's why I'm saying... 这就是我为什么说… …

be sure of 确信，确定 e.g.
You may be sure of his honesty.
与be sure to do, be sure that的区别
be sure of 和be sure that 的主语只能是人
be sure to do的主语可以是人，也可以是物
He is sure of his success. /He is sure that he will succeed.
He is sure to succeed.
depend on 依赖，依靠 / 相信；指望 e.g.
Susan can depend on their arriving here safely.
You can't depend on your enemy to help you.
That depends, It depends, It all depends 表示看情况

2009年5月6日星期三

（72）关于免费的空间

网上很多朋友在寻找免费的空间，多次有人询问，在这简单介绍一下。

1. 首推当然是google，Google提供多种空间：

空间：http://sites.google.com/ 不能上传Html或Asp等文件，也就是说不能上传你已经做好的网站，但是，这本身就是一个强大的网站管理平台，抛弃Dreamweaver吧（对于个人网站来说！），现在讲的是内容为王，不在乎你的页面有多花哨。google提供的各种工具足够你使用了，而且还在不断的更新和强化中；
相册：http://picasaweb.google.com Google收购Picasa后，提供了一本机的图片查看与简单处理软件，关键的是，为相同开通了网络空间，你可以通过在线上传的方式来上传你的图片，但最方便的还是下载安装好Picasa后使用它直接查看和上传，1GB的免费空间，上传速度非常好；
文件：http://docs.google.com 可以上传几乎所有格式的文件，对于doc, xls等还能在线编辑修改，在线创建，非常实用，最好的是它能通过电子邮件等方式直接与你的朋友共享或协作编辑。空间也是1G，对于文档来说几乎是足够了；
博客：http://www.blogger.com 你现在看到的就是Google提供的Blog，功能强大，速度优秀，最好的是它支持多用户协作写作并有不同的权限选择，还能与“Google文档”，“Picasa相册”等协同工作，你可以直接把这些位置的相片、文档共享到这里来，还能通过电子邮件发布博客，且支持移动设备发布；

其它还有很多功能和免费的资源，自己去体会吧，你要做的第一步就是注册一个Gmail邮件，其它所有的功能都可以使用这个帐户，而且你开通后（默认并没有开通，需要你一个个地手动开通）Google会把所有的功能列出来给你，一个帐户全系通用了。

2. 第二个推荐的是微软: www.Live.com ，用过MSN或Hotmail的用户都知道，Live提供了与Google类似的功能和应用，非常丰富；使用MSN或Hotmail帐户登录后，就可以享用“在线存储”：http://skydrive.live.com 相册：photos.live.com 博客：spaces.live.com 等等功能，由于多数用户都在使用Windows操作系统，所以使用微软的产品有个最大的好处就是统一的用户认证机制，也就是说，如果你使用的是自己的电脑的话，完成可以通过登录Windows就完全通行了（与IE或其它浏览器中保存密码不同）；另外，微软提供了更大的存储空间，比如相册宣称有25GB，哇，微软就是微软，钱多的是。不足之处是：与Google相比，MSN的速度和稳定性较差一些（可能与网络接入有关，不过我用着一直不是很顺）。

3. 其它的一些空间：其它一些空间多数都是单独的，博客，相册等等；也有一些提供免费的网站空间的网站，但是实在地说，做一个个人网站越来越没有实在意义了，如果你已经做好了想找一个空间上传的话，那最好还是去买一个收费的空间和域名吧（按年收费，所以上面说不值得）。

当然，这种情况也很让人担心：随着像Google和微软这样的大公司越来越垄断个人网络应用，不得不让人担心如果有一天（也许不可能有）这些公司倒闭了、或者经营转向了，或者取消了这项业务，那吃亏最大的就是我们用户了！！

2009年5月1日星期五

（72）Prof. Rudolf Ahlswede论文、著作及学生列表

----------引用---------点此查看原文-----------

--------学生列表----查看原文-----

Rudolf Ahlswede has 32 students and 63 descendants.

（71）Network Coding 网络编码简介

Network Coding是一种可以大幅提升通信网络的效率与可靠性的方法，其特点是：发送关于信息的证据而不是信息本身。

这一方法是由几位专家学者于2000年4月在论文《Network Information Flow》（论文发表于《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY》VOL. 46, NO. 4, JULY 2000）提出的，他们分别是（排名不分先后）：

香港中文大学：李硕彦博士

杨伟豪教授

德国Bielefeld大学：Prof. Rudolf Ahlswede教授

西安电子科技大学：蔡宁博士

—————————————在网上查了一下几位专家的简介————————————————

Prof. Rudolf Ahlswede

男，1938年出生于德国，

德国University of Bielefeld大学教授

1966年获德国哥廷根大学(Göttingen，导师是Konrad Jacobs)数学博士学位（Dr.rer.nat. degree in mathematics from the University of Gottingen, Germany, in 1966. ), 论文标题为"Contributions to the Shannon information theory in case of non-stationary channels"(对于数学专业来说，这样的选择十分大胆）；

1967年美国美国俄亥俄州立大学数学系（the faculty of the Department of Mathematics, Ohio State University, Columbus）1972年获教授,1970-1971，1974-1975年分别担任过康奈大学（Cornell University, Ithaca, NY）、德国海德堡大学（the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany）、意大利国家娣阿尔塔数学研究所（the Instituto Nazionale di Alta Mathematica, Rome, Italy）、斯坦福大学（Stanford University, Stanford, CA）、和中国的南开大学（Nankai University, Tianjin, China.）等大学和研究机构的访问学者或客座教授。

现任德国比勒费尔德大学(the University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany)教授. 研究方向包括:信息论（information theory）, 组合数学（combinatorics）,，概率论（probability theory）,数理统计（statistics）, 和数论（number theory）等.

1977年，加入德国University of Bielefeld大学任教授（2004年后不再招生），培养博士生30多人，其中有很多是国际知名的信息论、编码学方面的专家；

1988年，Prof. Rudolf Ahlswede与Imre Csiszar合作的论文（in the area of the hypothesis testing）获IEEE Information Theory Society最佳论文奖；1990年，Prof. Rudolf Ahlswede与Gunter Dueck（是Ahlswede1977年招收的研究生）合作的论文（a new theory of message identification）再次获奖，他成为了为数极少的两次获此奖项的学者。

2006年，Prof. Rudolf Ahlswede获得了由the IEEE information Theory Society颁发的Claude Elwood Shannon Award （克劳德•艾尔伍德•香农奖），是当时获此奖项的仅有的五位非美国人之一。

著作列表（点击查看，查看原文）

李硕彦 Shuo-Yen Robert Li （有时也写为Bob Li）

理学士（台大BS (Nat'l Taiwan U.)）；PhD (University of California, Berkeley, 06/1974); FHKIE; FIEEE; 香港中文大学讯息工程学讲座教授〔联合书院〕

2008.05-今：西安电子科技大学名誉教授；

2008-2012：教育部 “111学术大师；

2008.1-2011.12：台湾国立清华大学荣誉讲座教授；

2006-2009：北京大学深圳研究生院讲座教授；

2005-2008：北京邮电大学客座教授（Advisory Professor, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT )）

杨伟豪 Ranmond W. Yeung

BS, MEng, PhD (Cornell); FIEEE; FHKIE; 香港中文大学讯息工程学讲座教授〔崇基书院〕

分别于1984,1985,1988年获得美国康奈尔大学电气工程专业学士、硕士和博士学位；1988年加入贝尔实验室，1991年进入香港中文大学；他是《A First Course in Information Theory》（Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 2002;Springer (June 16, 2006)）一书及其后续作品《Information Theory and Network Coding》(Springer,September 10, 2008)的作者，研究方向是：信息论（information theory ）和网络编码（network coding）；

蔡宁 Ning Cai

男，博士，博导，西安电子科技大学通信工程学院教授.

1947年10月出生，1986年就读于德国比勒费尔德大学(the University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany)师从信息论领域国际最著名的学者之一Alhswede教授，并于1988年获得数学博士学位。之后，在德国从事信息论和组合数学领域的研究工作达17年，其间曾应邀先后到在香港中文大学、新加坡国立大学等高校作访问学者，并进行学术访问。编辑出版专著1部，在国外学术杂志和国际会议上发表论文50余篇，其中有17篇发表在IEEE Trans. Information Theory上。2000年，蔡宁教授在与他人合作的论文中首次提出了网络编码的理论，彻底推翻了传统网络理论中认为的中间节点所进行的数据处理对数据传输过程本身不会带来任何好处的结论。目前该理论已得到了学术界的广泛认可和响应。合作论文“Linear Network Coding”荣获2005年IEEE Information Theory协会最佳论文奖

在Network Coding方面发表或联合创作过文章、著作的还有以下几位：

张箴 Zhen Zhang

南加州大学电机工程与系统系教授（Department of Electrical Engineering - Systems University of Southern California, Los Angeles）。1980年南开大学数学专业硕士；1984年美国康乃尔大学应用数学博士(Ph.D. in Applied Mathematics, 1984, Cornell, Ithaca, NY.)， 1988年获德国比勒费尔德大学数学教授资质，主要研究方向为：信息理论（Information theory），编码理论（coding theory），数据压缩及其应用（data compression and their applications）。参著书籍（不完全）：《Network Coding Theory》, 科研成果论文列表.

(大致考察了几位大师的关系后，发现他们多是师生关系或同学关系，在dblp可以看到：

http://dblp.mpi-inf.mpg.de/dblp-mirror/index.php#query=author:shuoyenrobertli:&qp=F1.12

）

————————————————————————————

2009年4月30日星期四

如何写作科研论文系列之一----01 ，02已完成

地址：

01： http://sites.google.com/site/keyanner/ru-he-xie-zuo-ke-yan-lun-wen/01-xuan-ti-pick-a-topic

02： http://sites.google.com/site/keyanner/ru-he-xie-zuo-ke-yan-lun-wen/02-kai-shi-yan-jiu-resear

一般地，科研论文的写作包括以下几个步骤：

1. 选题（Pick a topic）; （已完成）

2. 开始研究（Research）; （已完成）

3. 查找、收集资料（Finding Sources）; （建设中...)

4. 科研诚信（Plagiarism）; （建设中...)

5. 作笔记（Notes）; （建设中...)

6. 尽力说服（Persuasive）；（建设中...)

7. 初稿（Fisrt Draft）; （建设中...)

8. 引用、引证和插图（Citing）; （建设中...)

9. 格式排版（Formating）; （建设中...)

10. 定稿（Final Draft）. （建设中...)

目前正在建设中，1已经发布，多多关注。

2009年4月14日星期二

（70）XML学习手册

为什么要使用X M L

X M L代表扩展标记语言（Extensible Markup Language），是由World Wide Web Consortium（W 3 C）的X M L工作组定义的。这个工作组是这样描述该语言的：“扩展标记语言（ X M L）是S G M L的子集，其目标是允许普通的 S G M L在We b上以目前H T M L的方式被服务、接收和处理。X M L被设计成易于实现，且可在S G M L和H T M L之间互相操作。 ”这段话是从正式的X M L规范1 . 0版本中引述的，该规范是 X M L工作组在1 9 9 8年2月完成的。你可以在W 3 C位于h t t p : / / w w w. w 3 c . o rg / T R / R E C - x m l的We b站点上阅读整篇文档。正如所看到的，X M L是一种专门在World Wide We b上传递信息的语言，就像H T M L（超文本标记语言）一样（自从 We b出现以来，H T M L已经成为了创建We b页的标准语言）。因为我们已经有了H T M L，而且它已发展成一种似乎可以满足任何需要的语言，所以，你可能会疑惑：为什么我们还需要在We b上采用一种全新的语言呢？ X M L有什么新特性和不同之处？它有什么特有的优点和长处呢？它与 H T M L有什么关系？它是要替换还是增强 H T M L？最后，这个以X M L作为其子集的S G M L是什么，为什么我们不就用S G M L来创建We b页呢？本书将试图回答所有这些问题。

手册详细资料，可通过公用邮箱查询，有关公用邮箱的使用请查看置顶帖子！

（69）国外经典教材《Computer Networks 4th》Andrew S. Tanenbaum简介

由Andrew S. Tanenbaum 编著、Prentice HALL PTR出版的《Computer Networks》绝对是最经典的计算机网络教材之一，目前已经出版到第五版了，每一版的中译版各不相同，但国内用得最多的要数第四版了！

经典的书籍值得推广，本书相关的更多资料，可以通过我们的公用邮箱查看！有关公用邮箱的使用，请查看主页置顶帖子！

2009年4月7日星期二

（68）MatLab基础（中文版）资料收集整理完毕，发布

终于把MatLab基础的学习资料整理完毕了，虽然是基于5的旧版本，现在可能多数朋友使用的都是7或更高了，但主要的内容还是相同的，对于找不到资料的初学者还是很用的。

需要的请按置顶帖子方法与我们联系索取！

目录
1. 概论... 13
2. 基础准备及入门... 21
3. 数值数组及其运算... 30
4. 字符串数组、元胞数组和构架数组... 52
5. 数值计算... 68
6. 符号计算... 118
7. 数据和函数的可视化... 139
8. M文件和面向对象编程... 176
9. SIMULINK交互式仿真集成环境... 198
10. 句柄图形... 225
11. 图形用户界面（GUI）制作... 243
12. MATLAB编译器和API 268
13. Notebook.. 288
附录A 索引... 295

（67）国内外各大搜索引擎网站登录入口（让你的网站尽早被搜索引擎收录）

Google网站登录入口
Baidu网站登录入口
Yahoo网站登录入口
Live网站登录入口
Dmoz网站登录入口
Coodir网站目录登录入口
Alexa网站登录入口
Sogou网站收录中国搜索网站登录入口
iAsk网站登录入口
搜索引擎收录查询有道搜索网站登录入口
Accoona网站登录
Onebigdirectory.com 搜索引擎批量提交
Chainer.com 搜索引擎批量提交
Freewebsubmission.com 搜索引擎批量提交

（66）MatLab学习笔记1_PDF格式

主要是MatLab的基础知识和矩阵、数论处理函数，初学者适用！

共10页！
下载地址：
http://www.fileupyours.com/view/237452/MatLab%20study%20notes_1.PDF

或者使用下述方法：（以上网站不是很稳定）

获取办法：使用我们公用的邮箱，为了有效利用本邮箱，此处只供急需者使用，请给我们发电子邮件，地址是xyangirl#gmail.com (为防止垃圾邮件，请手动把#换成@），我们会及时回复你的电子邮件，同样为了防止垃圾邮件，请尽量使用Gmail邮箱，并登录后，把本站设为“跟踪”点，我们会及时把最新内容发送给你！！

2009年4月6日星期一

（65）临潼兵马俑-华清池-骊山——2

（64）临潼兵马俑-华清池-骊山——1

2009年4月5日星期日

（63）Opnet相关资料已共享，需要的联系！

资料比较多，这里无法上传附件，前文中提到的方法一也没办法上传，所以只能通过电子邮件了，需要的请联系！

获取办法：使用我们公用的邮箱，为了有效利用本邮箱，此处只供急需者使用，请给我们发电子邮件，地址是xyangirl#gmail.com (为防止垃圾邮件，请手动把#换成@），我们收到邮件后会把公用邮箱地址和密码发送到你的电子邮件中，同样为了防止垃圾邮件，请尽量使用Gmail邮箱，并登录后，把本站设为“跟踪”点，我们会及时把最新内容发送给你！！

（62）交大的漂亮樱花2

（61）交大的漂亮樱花

（60）英语小幽默

Love's Philosophy

The fountains mingle with the river
And the rivers with the ocean,
The winds of heaven mix for ever
With a sweet emotion.
Nothing in the world is single,
All things by a law divine
In one another's being mingle--
Why not I with thine?
See the mountains kiss high heaven
And the waves clasp one another;
No sister--flower would be forgiven
If it disdain'd its brother.
And the sunlight clasps the earth,
And the moonbeams kiss the sea--
What are all these kissings worth,
If thou kiss not me?

2 Relaxation:
If I Am a Manager

One day in class, the teacher assigned his students to write a composition: If I Am a Manager. All the students began to write except a boy. The teacher went to him and asked the reason. " I am waiting for my secretary," was the boy's answer.

3 Relaxation:
The Most Beautiful Thing I Ever Saw

The students in the composition class were assigned the task of writing an essay on "The most beautiful thing I ever saw." The student, who, of all the members of the class, seemed the least sensitive to beauty, handed in his paper first with astonishing speed. It was short and to the point. He had written: "The most beautiful thing I ever saw was too beautiful for words."

4
My Last Will
------Unknown
My will is easy to decide,
For there is nothing to divide,
My kin don't need to fuss and moan----
"Moss does not cling to rolling stone."
My body? --Oh-- If I could choose,
I would to ashes it reduce,
And let the merry breeze blow
My dust to where some flowers grow.
Perhaps some fading flower then
Would come to life and bloom again.
This is my last and final will,
Good luck to all of you.

The Oldest Profession

There was a doctor, a civic engineer, and a computer scientist sitting around late one evening, and they got to discuss which was the oldest profession.

The doctor pointed out that according to Biblical tradition God created Eve from Adam's rib. This obviously required surgery, so therefore that was the oldest profession in the world.

The engingeer countered with an earlier passage in the Bible that stated that God created order from the chaos, and that was most certainly the biggest and best civil engingeering example ever, and also proved that his profession was the oldest profession.

The computer scientist leaned back in her chair, and with a sly smile responded, "Yes, but who do you think created the chaos?"

（59）<笑一笑>当代史记-80后传

夫80后者，初从文，未及义务教育之免费，不逮高等学校之分配，适值扩招，过五关，斩六将，本硕相继，寒窗数载，二十六乃成，负债累累。觅生计，南闯深圳，背井离乡，披星戴月，秉烛达旦，多年不休，蓄金万两。楼市暴涨，无栖处，购房金不抵首付，欲盈之，投入股市，翌年缩至万余。抑郁终成疾，久之未愈，入院，耗歹所有，然病无果，遂被逐院门。寻医保，乃不合大病之规，拒付，无奈带病还。友怜之，赠三鹿奶粉一包，鸡蛋数枚。翌日，卒。

（58）OPNET 14.5说明文档中文版发布页（进度表）

为方便广大初学者，在有空时把OPNET14.5的说明文档进行了详细翻译，一边翻译一边发布，欢迎大家跟帖以批评指正，我们将在定稿中综合大家的意见建议进行修正，以完成一份优秀的中文文档！

2009.4.5： 1-14页:
下载地址： http://www.fileupyours.com/view/237452/opnet14.5%20document%20zh.cn%281-15%29.pdf

下载说明：

下载方法有两个，由于没有FTP或者WWW服务器空间，所以只能放在免费空间中。
第一个办法：上传到国外的http://www.fileupyours.com/,稳定性不是很好，下载速度也一般下载地址如下所示；
第二个办法：使用我们公用的邮箱，为了有效利用本邮箱，此处只供急需者使用，如果用第一个办法无法下载，请给我们发电子邮件，地址是xyangirl#gmail.com (为防止垃圾邮件，请手动把#换成@），我们收到邮件后会把邮箱地址和密码发送到你的电子邮件中，同样为了防止垃圾邮件，请尽量使用Gmail邮箱，并登录后，把本站设为“跟踪”点，我们会及时把最新内容发送给你！！

其它一些有关OPnet、网络仿真的学习资料、论文、参考资料也可以到上述邮箱下载，欢迎需要的朋友来信索取邮箱地址！

2009年4月1日星期三

（57）Can we Increase our Intelligence 我们的智力能提升吗？

It’s an honor to be invited to fill in for Olivia. We’ll be writing about slow and fast forces that shape the brain: natural selection, operating relatively slowly over many generations; and environmental influences, whose effects are visible across a few generations or even within one individual’s lifetime.
We’re often asked whether the human brain is still evolving. Taken at face value, it sounds like a silly question. People are animals, so selection pressure would presumably continue to apply across generations.
But the questioners are really concerned about a larger issue: how our brains are changing over time — and whether we have any control over these developments. This week we discuss intelligence and the “Flynn effect,” a phenomenon that is too rapid to be explained by natural selection.
It used to be believed that people had a level of general intelligence with which they were born that was unaffected by environment and stayed the same, more or less, throughout life. But now it’s known that environmental influences are large enough to have considerable effects on intelligence, perhaps even during your own lifetime.
A key contribution to this subject comes from James Flynn, a moral philosopher who has turned to social science and statistical analysis to explore his ideas about humane ideals. Flynn’s work usually pops up in the news in the context of race issues, especially public debates about the causes of racial differences in performance on intelligence tests. We won’t spend time on the topic of race, but the psychologist Dick Nisbett has written an excellent article on the subject.
Flynn first noted that standardized intelligence quotient (I.Q.) scores were rising by three points per decade in many countries, and even faster in some countries like the Netherlands and Israel. For instance, in verbal and performance I.Q., an average Dutch 14-year-old in 1982 scored 20 points higher than the average person of the same age in his parents’ generation in 1952. These I.Q. increases over a single generation suggest that the environmental conditions for developing brains have become more favorable in some way.
What might be changing? One strong candidate is working memory, defined as the ability to hold information in mind while manipulating it to achieve a cognitive goal. Examples include remembering a clause while figuring out how it relates the rest of a sentence, or keeping track of the solutions you’ve already tried while solving a puzzle. Flynn has pointed out that modern times have increasingly rewarded complex and abstract reasoning. Differences in working memory capacity account for 50 to 70 percent of individual differences in fluid intelligence (abstract reasoning ability) in various meta-analyses, suggesting that it is one of the major building blocks of I.Q. (Ackerman et al; Kane et al; Süss et al.) This idea is intriguing because working memory can be improved by training.

Felix Sockwell
A common way to measure working memory is called the “n-back” task. Presented with a sequential series of items, the person taking the test has to report when the current item is identical to the item that was presented a certain number (n) of items ago in the series. For example, the test taker might see a sequence of letters like
L K L R K H H N T T N X
presented one at a time. If the test is an easy 1-back task, she should press a button when she sees the second H and the second T. For a 3-back task, the right answers are K and N, since they are identical to items three places before them in the list. Most people find the 3-back condition to be challenging.
A recent paper reported that training on a particularly fiendish version of the n-back task improves I.Q. scores. Instead of seeing a single series of items like the one above, test-takers saw two different sequences, one of single letters and one of spatial locations. They had to report n-back repetitions of both letters and locations, a task that required them to simultaneously keep track of both sequences. As the trainees got better, n was increased to make the task harder. If their performance dropped, the task was made easier until they recovered.
Each day, test-takers trained for 25 minutes. On the first day, the average participant could handle the 3-back condition. By the 19th day, average performance reached the 5-back level, and participants showed a four-point gain in their I.Q. scores.
The I.Q. improvement was larger in people who’d had more days of practice, suggesting that the effect was a direct result of training. People benefited across the board, regardless of their starting levels of working memory or I.Q. scores (though the results hint that those with lower I.Q.s may have shown larger gains). Simply practicing an I.Q. test can lead to some improvement on the test, but control subjects who took the same two I.Q. tests without training improved only slightly. Also, increasing I.Q. scores by practice doesn’t necessarily increase other measures of reasoning ability (Ackerman, 1987).
Since the gains accumulated over a period of weeks, training is likely to have drawn upon brain mechanisms for learning that can potentially outlast the training. But this is not certain. If continual practice is necessary to maintain I.Q. gains, then this finding looks like a laboratory curiosity. But if the gains last for months (or longer), working memory training may become as popular as — and more effective than — games like sudoku among people who worry about maintaining their cognitive abilities.
Now, some caveats. The results, though tantalizing, are not perfect. It would have been better to give the control group some other training not related to working memory, to show that the hard work of training did not simply motivate the experimental group to try harder on the second I.Q. test. The researchers did not test whether working memory training improved problem-solving tasks of the type that might occur in real life. Finally, they did not explore how much improvement would be seen with further training.
Research on working memory training, as well as Flynn’s original observations, raise the possibility that the fast-paced modern world, despite its annoyances (or even because of them) may be improving our reasoning ability. Maybe even multitasking — not the most efficient way to work — is good for your brain because of the mental challenge. Something to think about when you’re contemplating retirement on a deserted island.

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